The chikungunya virus, transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, AKA tiger mosquitos, causes severe, and sometimes persistent, joint pain in affected patients. Both Aedes albopictus and Aedes aegypti mosquitos transmit the virus. Existing treatment options are purely symptomatic. The disease is mainly endemic in South Asia and Africa. In 2005, a major chikungunya epidemic struck the islands in the Indian Ocean, particularly Reunion Island, with hundreds of thousands of reported cases. In 2007, the disease arrived in Europe for the first time, and the mosquito vector Aedes albopictus established itself on the continent. The first indigenous cases in the south of France were reported in 2010. At the end of 2013 and during 2014 chikungunya spread in the West Indies and reached the American continent. Currently in France, 64 departments present all of the conditions conducive to the emergence of chikungunya: the vector mosquito's presence in the region, temperature and humidity that support the hatching of eggs, and many travelers returning from countries where the chikungunya virus circulates.