REFERENCES
1. C. Adlhoch et al., Very little influenza in the WHO European Region during the 2020/21 season, weeks 40 2020 to 8 2021. Eurosurveillance 26, 1-8 (2021). 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.11.2100221
2. A. Alanio, S. Dellière, S. Voicu, S. Bretagne, B. Mégarbane, The presence of Pneumocystis jirovecii in critically ill patients with COVID-19. J. Infect. 82, 84-123 (2021). 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.10.034
3. S. Allali, J. F. Cohen, J. Brice, D. Khraiche, J. Toubiana, Gastrointestinal Symptoms Followed by Shock in a Febrile 7-Year-Old Child during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Clin. Chem. 67, 54-58 (2021). 10.1093/clinchem/hvaa279
4. A. Andronico et al., Evaluating the impact of curfews and other measures on SARS-CoV-2 transmission in French Guiana. Nat. Commun. 12, (2021). 10.1038/s41467-021-21944-4
5. F. Anna et al., High seroprevalence but short-lived immune response to SARS-CoV-2 infection in Paris. Eur. J. Immunol. 51, 180-190 (2021). 10.1002/eji.202049058
6. D. Annane, L. Grimaldi-Bensouda, V. Fremeaux-Bacchic, Complement inhibition in severe COVID-19 – Blocking C5a seems to be key: Author's reply. EClinicalMedicine 35, (2021). 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.100866
7. M. Baay et al., Virology, epidemiology, immunology and vaccine development of SARS-CoV-2, update after nine months of pandemic. Biologicals 69, 76-82 (2021). 10.1016/j.biologicals.2020.11.003
8. T. Baladi et al., Stealth Fluorescence Labeling for Live Microscopy Imaging of mRNA Delivery. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 143, 5413-5424 (2021). 10.1021/jacs.1c00014
9. D. C. Bauer et al., Interoperable medical data: The missing link for understanding COVID-19. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 68, 1753-1760 (2021). 10.1111/tbed.13892
10. J. Bedson et al., A review and agenda for integrated disease models including social and behavioural factors. Nature Human Behaviour 5, 834-846 (2021). 10.1038/s41562-021-01136-2
11. A. Benetos et al., The Nexus between Telomere Length and Lymphocyte Count in Seniors Hospitalized with COVID-19. Journals of Gerontology - Series A Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences 76, E97-E101 (2021). 10.1093/gerona/glab026
12. C. Bernigaud et al., Oral ivermectin for a scabies outbreak in a long-term care facility: potential value in preventing COVID-19 and associated mortality. Br. J. Dermatol. 184, 1207-1209 (2021). 10.1111/bjd.19821
13. L. Berteloot et al., Arterial abnormalities identified in kidneys transplanted into children during the COVID-19 pandemic. Am. J. Transplantation 21, 1937-1943 (2021). 10.1111/ajt.16464
14. E. Billon-Denis et al., Differential serological and neutralizing antibody dynamics after an infection by a single SARS-CoV-2 strain. Infection 49, 781-783 (2021). 10.1007/s15010-020-01556-8
15. I. G. Boneca, Is This a Healthy Scientific Controversy or the "savior" Syndrome at Play? COVID-19 and the Hydroxychloroquine Example. Microb. Drug Resist. 27, 279-280 (2021). 10.1089/mdr.2021.29001.igb
16. P. Bost et al., Deciphering the state of immune silence in fatal COVID-19 patients. Nat. Commun. 12, (2021). 10.1038/s41467-021-21702-6
17. B. Brett Finlay et al., The hygiene hypothesis, the COVID pandemic, and consequences for the human microbiome. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 118, (2021). 10.1073/pnas.2010217118
18. P. J. M. Brouwer et al., Two-component spike nanoparticle vaccine protects macaques from SARS-CoV-2 infection. Cell 184, 1188-1200.e1119 (2021). 10.1016/j.cell.2021.01.035
19. A. B. Brueggemann et al., Changes in the incidence of invasive disease due to Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Neisseria meningitidis during the COVID-19 pandemic in 26 countries and territories in the Invasive Respiratory Infection Surveillance Initiative: a prospective analysis of surveillance data. The Lancet Digital Health 3, e360-e370 (2021). 10.1016/S2589-7500(21)00077-7
20. C. Caillet-Saguy et al., Host PDZ-containing proteins targeted by SARS-CoV-2. FEBS Journal 288, 5148-5162 (2021). 10.1111/febs.15881
21. B. Cazelles et al., A mechanistic and data-driven reconstruction of the time-varying reproduction number: Application to the COVID-19 epidemic. PLoS Comp. Biol. 17, (2021). 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1009211
22. B. Cazelles, C. Comiskey, B. Nguyen-Van-Yen, C. Champagne, B. Roche, Parallel trends in the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and retail/recreation and public transport mobility during non-lockdown periods. Int. J. Infect. Dis. 104, 693-695 (2021). 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.01.067
23. O. Chosidow et al., Ivermectin as a potential treatment for covid-19? PLoS. Negl. Trop. Dis. 15, (2021). 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009446
24. R. Cohen et al., Pediatric Infectious Disease Group (GPIP) position paper on the immune debt of the COVID-19 pandemic in childhood, how can we fill the immunity gap? Infectious Diseases Now 51, 418-423 (2021). 10.1016/j.idnow.2021.05.004
25. A. Contejean et al., Comparing Dynamics and Determinants of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Transmissions among Healthcare Workers of Adult and Pediatric Settings in Central Paris. Clin. Infect. Dis. 72, 257-264 (2021). 10.1093/cid/ciaa977
26. A. Contejean et al., Transmission Routes of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 among Healthcare Workers of a French University Hospital in Paris, France. Open Forum Infectious Diseases 8, (2021). 10.1093/ofid/ofab054
27. A. Courties et al., Regulation of the acetylcholine/α7nAChR anti-inflammatory pathway in COVID-19 patients. Scientific Reports 11, (2021). 10.1038/s41598-021-91417-7
28. B. Dautzenberg, A. Levi, M. Adler, R. Gaillard, Transdermal nicotine in non-smokers: A systematic review to design COVID-19 clinical trials. Respiratory Medicine and Research 80, (2021). 10.1016/j.resmer.2021.100844
29. F. de Laval et al., Lessons learned from the investigation of a COVID-19 cluster in Creil, France: effectiveness of targeting symptomatic cases and conducting contact tracing around them. BMC Infect. Dis. 21, (2021). 10.1186/s12879-021-06166-9
30. G. D. de Melo et al., Attenuation of clinical and immunological outcomes during SARS-CoV-2 infection by ivermectin. EMBO Mol. Med. 13, (2021). 10.15252/emmm.202114122
31. G. D. de Melo et al., COVID-19-related anosmia is associated with viral persistence and inflammation in human olfactory epithelium and brain infection in hamsters. Science Translational Medicine 13, (2021). 10.1126/scitranslmed.abf8396
32. N. de Prost et al., Plasma Exchange to Rescue Patients with Autoantibodies Against Type I Interferons and Life-Threatening COVID-19 Pneumonia. J. Clin. Immunol. 41, 536-544 (2021). 10.1007/s10875-021-00994-9
33. S. Dellière et al., Risk factors associated with COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis in ICU patients: a French multicentric retrospective cohort. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. 27, 790.e791-790.e795 (2021). 10.1016/j.cmi.2020.12.005
34. F. Denis et al., A self-assessment web-based app to assess trends of the COVID-19 pandemic in France: Observational study. J. Med. Internet Res. 23, (2021). 10.2196/26182
35. A. Di Gioacchino et al., The Heterogeneous Landscape and Early Evolution of Pathogen-Associated CpG Dinucleotides in SARS-CoV-2. Mol. Biol. Evol. 38, 2428-2445 (2021). 10.1093/molbev/msab036
36. D. Dobre et al., Clinical features and outcomes of COVID-19 patients hospitalized for psychiatric disorders: A French multi-centered prospective observational study. Psychol. Med., (2021). 10.1017/S0033291721001537
37. J. Dufloo et al., Asymptomatic and symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections elicit polyfunctional antibodies. Cell Reports Medicine 2, (2021). 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100275
38. A. Dupont et al., Vascular Endothelial Damage in the Pathogenesis of Organ Injury in Severe COVID-19. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol., 1760-1773 (2021). 10.1161/ATVBAHA.120.315595
39. M. Fadel, J. Salomon, A. Descatha, COVID-19 Job Exposure Matrix: From the Mat-O-Covid Design to Its Execution. J. Occup. Environ. Med. 63, e168 (2021). 10.1097/JOM.0000000000002148
40. W. Fares et al., Whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of six SARS-CoV-2 strains isolated during COVID-19 pandemic in Tunisia, North Africa. BMC Genomics 22, (2021). 10.1186/s12864-021-07870-1
41. R. Feghali et al., Genomic characterization and phylogenetic analysis of the first SARS-CoV-2 variants introduced in Lebanon. PeerJ 9, (2021). 10.7717/peerj.11015
42. L. Fertitta et al., Immunological and virological profile of children with chilblain-like lesions and SARS-CoV-2. J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol. 35, e164-e167 (2021). 10.1111/jdv.16972
43. M. R. Firpo et al., Targeting Polyamines Inhibits Coronavirus Infection by Reducing Cellular Attachment and Entry. ACS Infect. Dis. 7, 1423-1432 (2021). 10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00491
44. A. Fontanet et al., SARS-CoV-2 variants and ending the COVID-19 pandemic. The Lancet 397, 952-954 (2021). 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00370-6
45. A. Fontanet, R. Grant, M. Greve-Isdahl, D. Sridhar, Covid-19: Keeping schools as safe as possible. The BMJ 372, (2021). 10.1136/bmj.n524
46. A. Fontanet et al., SARS-CoV-2 infection in schools in a northern French city: A retrospective serological cohort study in an area of high transmission, France, January to April 2020. Eurosurveillance 26, 1-12 (2021). 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.15.2001695
47. J. Fourgeaud et al., Impact of public health measures on the post-COVID-19 respiratory syncytial virus epidemics in France. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis., (2021). 10.1007/s10096-021-04323-1
48. M. Fritz et al., High prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in pets from COVID-19+ households. One Health 11, (2021). 10.1016/j.onehlt.2020.100192
49. A. Gagneux-Brunon et al., Acceptability of a COVID-19 pre-exposure prophylaxis trial with hydroxychloroquine in French healthcare workers during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic. Trials 22, (2021). 10.1186/s13063-021-05329-y
50. S. Galmiche et al., Characteristics Associated with Olfactory and Taste Disorders in COVID-19. Neuroepidemiology 55, 381-386 (2021). 10.1159/000517066
51. P. Garneret et al., Performing point-of-care molecular testing for SARS-CoV-2 with RNA extraction and isothermal amplification. PLoS ONE 16, (2021). 10.1371/journal.pone.0243712
52. T. Ghelfenstein-Ferreira et al., Recovery of a triazole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus in respiratory specimen of COVID-19 patient in ICU – A case report. Medical Mycology Case Reports 31, 15-18 (2021). 10.1016/j.mmcr.2020.06.006
53. A. Gonçalves et al., SARS-CoV-2 viral dynamics in non-human primates. PLoS Comp. Biol. 17, (2021). 10.1371/JOURNAL.PCBI.1008785
54. A. G. Goubet et al., Prolonged SARS-CoV-2 RNA virus shedding and lymphopenia are hallmarks of COVID-19 in cancer patients with poor prognosis. Cell Death and Differentiation, (2021). 10.1038/s41418-021-00817-9
55. A. Gouel-Cheron, M. V. Den Bergh, B. Crestani, P. Montravers, Ousted health care workers because of COVID-19 infection: Back to work is not an easy move. Anaesthesia Critical Care and Pain Medicine 40, (2021). 10.1016/j.accpm.2020.09.008
56. A. Gouel-Cheron et al., Effectiveness of anaesthesia ventilator use for mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Br. J. Anaesth. 127, e35-e37 (2021). 10.1016/j.bja.2021.04.001
57. R. Grant et al., SARS-CoV-2 population-based seroprevalence studies in Europe: A scoping review. BMJ Open 11, (2021). 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045425
58. E. Guedj et al., Long COVID and the brain network of Proust's madeleine: targeting the olfactory pathway. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. 27, 1196-1198 (2021). 10.1016/j.cmi.2021.05.015
59. L. W. Heyerdahl et al., Evaluating the motivation of Red Cross Health volunteers in the COVID-19 pandemic: A mixed-methods study protocol. BMJ Open 11, (2021). 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042579
60. N. Hozé et al., Monitoring the proportion of the population infected by SARS-CoV-2 using age-stratified hospitalisation and serological data: a modelling study. The Lancet Public Health 6, e408-e415 (2021). 10.1016/S2468-2667(21)00064-5
61. H. Issa et al., Combination of Angiotensin (1-7) Agonists and Convalescent Plasma as a New Strategy to Overcome Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) Inhibition for the Treatment of COVID-19. Frontiers in Medicine 8, (2021). 10.3389/fmed.2021.620990
62. S. Kernéis et al., Accuracy of saliva and nasopharyngeal sampling for detection of SARS-CoV-2 in community screening: a multicentric cohort study. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis., (2021). 10.1007/s10096-021-04327-x
63. G. Kerner, E. Patin, L. Quintana-Murci, New insights into human immunity from ancient genomics. Curr. Opin. Immunol. 72, 116-125 (2021). 10.1016/j.coi.2021.04.006
64. J. Kervevan, L. A. Chakrabarti, Role of cd4+ T cells in the control of viral infections: Recent advances and open questions. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, 1-23 (2021). 10.3390/ijms22020523
65. C. T. Kiem et al., Benefits and risks associated with different uses of the COVID-19 vaccine Vaxzevria: A modelling study, France, May to September 2021. Eurosurveillance 5, (2021). 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.26.2100533
66. C. T. Kiem et al., Lockdown as a last resort option in case of COVID-19 epidemic rebound: A modelling study. Eurosurveillance 26, (2021). 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.22.2001536
67. J. U. Kim, P. Ingiliz, Y. Shimakawa, M. Lemoine, Improving care of migrants is key for viral hepatitis elimination in europe. Bull. World Health Organ. 99, 280-286 (2021). 10.2471/BLT.20.260919
68. E. Kissling et al., Absence of association between 2019-20 influenza vaccination and COVID-19: Results of the European I-MOVE-COVID-19 primary care project, March-August 2020. Influenza and other Respiratory Viruses 15, 429-438 (2021). 10.1111/irv.12839
69. E. Kissling et al., Vaccine effectiveness against symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection in adults aged 65 years and older in primary care: I-MOVE-COVID-19 project, Europe, December 2020 to May 2021. Euro Surveill. 26, (2021). 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.29.2100670
70. F. Konings et al., SARS-CoV-2 Variants of Interest and Concern naming scheme conducive for global discourse. Nature Microbiology 6, 821-823 (2021). 10.1038/s41564-021-00932-w
71. M. W. Ku et al., Intranasal vaccination with a lentiviral vector protects against SARS-CoV-2 in preclinical animal models. Cell Host and Microbe 29, 236-249.e236 (2021). 10.1016/j.chom.2020.12.010
72. J. Landier et al., Cold and dry winter conditions are associated with greater SARS-CoV-2 transmission at regional level in western countries during the first epidemic wave. Scientific Reports 11, (2021). 10.1038/s41598-021-91798-9
73. N. Lapidus et al., Do not neglect SARS-CoV-2 hospitalization and fatality risks in the middle-aged adult population. Infectious Diseases Now 51, 380-382 (2021). 10.1016/j.idnow.2020.12.007
74. M. Lavigne et al., SARS-CoV-2 Nsp3 unique domain SUD interacts with guanine quadruplexes and G4-ligands inhibit this interaction. Nucleic Acids Research 49, 7695-7712 (2021). 10.1093/nar/gkab571
75. Q. Le Hingrat et al., Detection of SARS-CoV-2 N-antigen in blood during acute COVID-19 provides a sensitive new marker and new testing alternatives. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. 27, 789.e781-789.e785 (2021). 10.1016/j.cmi.2020.11.025
76. S. Le Vu et al., Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in France: results from nationwide serological surveillance. Nat. Commun. 12, (2021). 10.1038/s41467-021-23233-6
77. N. Lefrancq et al., Evolution of outcomes for patients hospitalised during the first 9 months of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in France: A retrospective national surveillance data analysis. The Lancet Regional Health - Europe 5, (2021). 10.1016/j.lanepe.2021.100087
78. F. Lemoine, L. Blassel, J. Voznica, O. Gascuel, COVID-Align: Accurate online alignment of hCoV-19 genomes using a profile HMM. Bioinformatics 37, 1761-1762 (2021). 10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa871
79. R. Lévy et al., IFN-α2a Therapy in Two Patients with Inborn Errors of TLR3 and IRF3 Infected with SARS-CoV-2. J. Clin. Immunol. 41, 26-27 (2021). 10.1007/s10875-020-00933-0
80. R. Lévy et al., Correction to: IFN-α2a Therapy in Two Patients with Inborn Errors of TLR3 and IRF3 Infected with SARS-CoV-2 (Journal of Clinical Immunology, (2021), 41, 1, (26-27), 10.1007/s10875-020-00933-0). J. Clin. Immunol. 41, 28 (2021). 10.1007/s10875-021-00969-w
81. D. Lunz, G. Batt, J. Ruess, To quarantine, or not to quarantine: A theoretical framework for disease control via contact tracing. Epidemics 34, (2021). 10.1016/j.epidem.2020.100428
82. C. Madru et al., Fast and efficient purification of SARS-CoV-2 RNA dependent RNA polymerase complex expressed in Escherichia coli. PLoS ONE 16, (2021). 10.1371/journal.pone.0250610
83. A. Marchio et al., ddPCR increases detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in patients with low viral loads. Arch. Virol. 166, 2529-2540 (2021). 10.1007/s00705-021-05149-0
84. S. Marot et al., Rapid decline of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 among infected healthcare workers. Nat. Commun. 12, (2021). 10.1038/s41467-021-21111-9
85. S. Marot et al., Author Correction: Rapid decline of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 among infected healthcare workers (Nature Communications, (2021), 12, 1, (844), 10.1038/s41467-021-21111-9). Nat. Commun. 12, (2021). 10.1038/s41467-021-23128-6
86. S. Masse et al., Are posterior oropharyngeal saliva specimens an acceptable alternative to nasopharyngeal sampling for the monitoring of sars-cov-2 in primary-care settings? Viruses 13, (2021). 10.3390/v13050761
87. M. McCallum et al., N-terminal domain antigenic mapping reveals a site of vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2. Cell 184, 2332-2347.e2316 (2021). 10.1016/j.cell.2021.03.028
88. I. Najjar et al., How did institut pasteur’s ngs core facility, biomics, manage the coronavirus disease 2019 crisis? Journal of Biomolecular Techniques 32, 50-56 (2021). 10.7171/jbt.21-3202-004
89. M. O’Driscoll et al., Age-specific mortality and immunity patterns of SARS-CoV-2. Nature 590, 140-145 (2021). 10.1038/s41586-020-2918-0
90. J. Osborne et al., Addressing vulnerabilities in communities facing infectious disease threats: A need for social science-driven assessments. Journal of Global Health 11, 1-4 (2021). 10.7189/jogh.11.03003
91. N. Ouldali et al., Association of Intravenous Immunoglobulins plus Methylprednisolone vs Immunoglobulins Alone with Course of Fever in Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children. JAMA - Journal of the American Medical Association 325, 855-864 (2021). 10.1001/jama.2021.0694
92. N. Ouldali et al., Factors associated with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. Pediatrics 147, (2021). 10.1542/PEDS.2020-023432
93. G. Pasquier et al., A review of significance of Aspergillus detection in airways of ICU COVID-19 patients. Mycoses 64, 980-988 (2021). 10.1111/myc.13341
94. K. Peng et al., Diversity in immunogenomics: the value and the challenge. Nature Methods 18, 588-591 (2021). 10.1038/s41592-021-01169-5
95. D. Planas et al., Sensitivity of infectious SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 variants to neutralizing antibodies. Nature Medicine 27, 917-924 (2021). 10.1038/s41591-021-01318-5
96. D. Planas et al., Reduced sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 variant Delta to antibody neutralization. Nature 596, 276-280 (2021). 10.1038/s41586-021-03777-9
97. M. Plaze et al., Inhibition of the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in human cells by the FDA-approved drug chlorpromazine. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents 57, (2021). 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.106274
98. M. Pouquet et al., Nationwide seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies among four groups of primary health-care workers and their household contacts 6 months after the initiation of the COVID-19 vaccination campaign in france: seroPRIM study protocol. Pathogens 10, (2021). 10.3390/pathogens10070911
99. R. Randremanana et al., Institut Pasteur International Network's efforts to guide control measures against the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic among healthcare workers in Africa. Int. J. Infect. Dis. 103, 525-526 (2021). 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.12.032
100. F. Rey, Structure-function relations of the sars-cov-2 spike protein and impact of mutations in the variants of concern. Comptes Rendus - Biologies 344, 77-110 (2021). 10.5802/CRBIOL.53
101. R. Robinot et al., SARS-CoV-2 infection induces the dedifferentiation of multiciliated cells and impairs mucociliary clearance. Nat. Commun. 12, (2021). 10.1038/s41467-021-24521-x
102. T. Roederer et al., Seroprevalence and risk factors of exposure to COVID-19 in homeless people in Paris, France: a cross-sectional study. The Lancet Public Health 6, e202-e209 (2021). 10.1016/S2468-2667(21)00001-3
103. J. Rosado et al., Multiplex assays for the identification of serological signatures of SARS-CoV-2 infection: an antibody-based diagnostic and machine learning study. The Lancet Microbe 2, e60-e69 (2021). 10.1016/S2666-5247(20)30197-X
104. V. Sancho-Shimizu et al., SARS-CoV-2-related MIS-C: A key to the viral and genetic causes of Kawasaki disease? Journal of Experimental Medicine 218, (2021). 10.1084/jem.20210446
105. M. M. Sauer et al., Structural basis for broad coronavirus neutralization. Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol. 28, 478-486 (2021). 10.1038/s41594-021-00596-4
106. I. Sermet-Gaudelus et al., Prior infection by seasonal coronaviruses, as assessed by serology, does not prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease in children, France, April to June 2020. Eurosurveillance 26, (2021). 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.13.2001782
107. F. Simon, H. Watson, J. B. Meynard, V. P. de Santi, J. N. Tournier, What chikungunya teaches us about COVID-19. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 21, 1070-1071 (2021). 10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00272-3
108. D. R. M. Smith, L. Opatowski, COVID-19 containment measures and incidence of invasive bacterial disease. The Lancet Digital Health 3, e331-e332 (2021). 10.1016/S2589-7500(21)00085-6
109. A. Sokal et al., Maturation and persistence of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 memory B cell response. Cell 184, 1201-1213.e1214 (2021). 10.1016/j.cell.2021.01.050
110. H. Sokol et al., SARS-CoV-2 infection in nonhuman primates alters the composition and functional activity of the gut microbiota. Gut Microbes 13, 1-19 (2021). 10.1080/19490976.2021.1893113
111. C. Souty et al., Impact of the lockdown on the burden of COVID-19 in outpatient care in France, spring 2020. Infectious Diseases 53, 376-381 (2021). 10.1080/23744235.2021.1880024
112. J. P. Spano, F. Barre-Sinoussi, M. P. Kieny, A. G. Marcelin, J. Y. Blay, COVID-19 vaccination for cancer patients: Medical and ethical need. Bull. Cancer (Paris). 108, 225-227 (2021). 10.1016/j.bulcan.2021.02.001
113. D. Sterlin, G. Gorochov, When Therapeutic IgA Antibodies Might Come of Age. Pharmacology 106, 9-19 (2021). 10.1159/000510251
114. D. Sterlin et al., IgA dominates the early neutralizing antibody response to SARS-CoV-2. Science Translational Medicine 13, (2021). 10.1126/scitranslmed.abd2223
115. T. A. Szwebel et al., Usefulness of Plasma SARS-CoV-2 RNA Quantification by Droplet-based Digital PCR to Monitor Treatment Against COVID-19 in a B-cell Lymphoma Patient. Stem Cell Rev. Rep. 17, 296-299 (2021). 10.1007/s12015-020-10107-5
116. A. Tarantola, L. Gautier, Biostatistics to better detect fishy findings. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 21, 316-317 (2021). 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30557-0
117. M. Tekpinar, A. Yildirim, Impact of dimerization and N3 binding on molecular dynamics of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 main proteases. J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn., (2021). 10.1080/07391102.2021.1880481
118. L. Temime et al., A Conceptual Discussion about the Basic Reproduction Number of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in Healthcare Settings. Clin. Infect. Dis. 72, 141-143 (2021). 10.1093/cid/ciaa682
119. H. Thai-Van et al., Telemedicine in Audiology. Best practice recommendations from the French Society of Audiology (SFA) and the French Society of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (SFORL). European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Diseases 138, 363-375 (2021). 10.1016/j.anorl.2020.10.007
120. J. Toor et al., Lives saved with vaccination for 10 pathogens across 112 countries in a pre-covid-19 world. Elife 10, (2021). 10.7554/eLife.67635
121. M. A. Tortorici et al., Broad sarbecovirus neutralization by a human monoclonal antibody. Nature 597, 103-108 (2021). 10.1038/s41586-021-03817-4
122. J. Toubiana et al., Distinctive Features of Kawasaki Disease Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection: a Controlled Study in Paris, France. J. Clin. Immunol. 41, 526-535 (2021). 10.1007/s10875-020-00941-0
123. J. N. Tournier, J. Kononchik, Virus eradication and synthetic biology: Changes with sars-cov-2? Viruses 13, (2021). 10.3390/v13040569
124. C. Tran Kiem et al., Benefits and risks associated with different uses of the COVID-19 vaccine Vaxzevria: a modelling study, France, May to September 2021. Euro Surveill. 26, (2021). 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.26.2100533
125. C. Tran Kiem et al., A modelling study investigating short and medium-term challenges for COVID-19 vaccination: From prioritisation to the relaxation of measures. EClinicalMedicine 38, (2021). 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.101001
126. S. Tubiana et al., High-risk exposure without personal protective equipment and infection with SARS-CoV-2 in-hospital workers - The CoV-CONTACT cohort. J. Infect. 82, 186-230 (2021). 10.1016/j.jinf.2021.01.026
127. T. A. Tummino et al., Drug-induced phospholipidosis confounds drug repurposing for SARS-CoV-2. Science 373, (2021). 10.1126/science.abi4708
128. A. van Belkum et al., Host-pathogen adhesion as the basis of innovative diagnostics for emerging pathogens. Diagnostics 11, (2021). 10.3390/diagnostics11071259
129. B. Vanhove et al., High neutralizing potency of swine glyco-humanized polyclonal antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. Eur. J. Immunol. 51, 1412-1422 (2021). 10.1002/eji.202049072
130. A. Verliere et al., Outcome of asymptomatic patients with positive SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA reverse transcriptase-PCR undergoing surgery: A matched cohort study. Eur. J. Anaesthesiol. 38, 442-444 (2021). 10.1097/EJA.0000000000001426
131. P. E. Verweij, A. Alanio, Fungal infections should be part of the core outcome set for COVID-19. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 21, e145 (2021). 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30591-0
132. P. E. Verweij et al., Taskforce report on the diagnosis and clinical management of COVID-19 associated pulmonary aspergillosis. Intensive Care Med. 47, 819-834 (2021). 10.1007/s00134-021-06449-4
133. M. Vieira et al., Cytokine profile as a prognostic tool in coronavirus disease 2019. Comment on “Urgent avenues in the treatment of COVID-19: Targeting downstream inflammation to prevent catastrophic syndrome” by Quartuccio et al. Joint Bone Spine. 2020;87:191–93. Joint Bone Spine 88, (2021). 10.1016/j.jbspin.2020.09.006
134. S. Virachith et al., Low seroprevalence of COVID-19 in Lao PDR, late 2020. The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific 13, (2021). 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2021.100197
135. K. M. White et al., Plitidepsin has potent preclinical efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 by targeting the host protein eEF1A. Science 371, 926-931 (2021). 10.1126/science.abf4058
136. T. Woudenberg et al., Humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and seasonal coronaviruses in children and adults in north-eastern France. EBioMedicine 70, (2021). 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103495
137. N. Yatim, N. Bonnet, S. N. Wing Tin, Y. Cohen, B. Degos, Persistent bilateral Tapia syndrome following critical COVID-19. Clin. Neurophysiol. 132, 505-506 (2021). 10.1016/j.clinph.2020.12.007
138. N. Yatim et al., Platelet activation in critically ill COVID-19 patients. Annals of Intensive Care 11, (2021). 10.1186/s13613-021-00899-1
139. J. Zahradník et al., SARS-CoV-2 variant prediction and antiviral drug design are enabled by RBD in vitro evolution. Nature Microbiology 6, 1188-1198 (2021). 10.1038/s41564-021-00954-4
140. A. Zhukova et al., Origin, evolution and global spread of SARS-CoV-2. Comptes Rendus - Biologies 344, 57-75 (2021). 10.5802/CRBIOL.29
141. D. C. Adam et al., Clustering and superspreading potential of SARS-CoV-2 infections in Hong Kong. Nature Medicine 26, 1714-1719 (2020). 10.1038/s41591-020-1092-0
142. A. Alanio, S. Dellière, S. Fodil, S. Bretagne, B. Mégarbane, Prevalence of putative invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in critically ill patients with COVID-19. The Lancet Respiratory Medicine 8, e48-e49 (2020). 10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30237-X
143. S. T. Ali et al., Serial interval of SARS-CoV-2 was shortened over time by nonpharmaceutical interventions. Science 369, 1106-1109 (2020). 10.1126/science.abc9004
144. E. Alm et al., Geographical and temporal distribution of SARS-CoV-2 clades in the WHO European Region, January to June 2020. Eurosurveillance 25, (2020). 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.32.2001410
145. D. Annane et al., Eculizumab as an emergency treatment for adult patients with severe COVID-19 in the intensive care unit: A proof-of-concept study. EClinicalMedicine 28, (2020). 10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100590
146. E. Azabou et al., Randomized controlled study evaluating efficiency of low intensity transcranial direct current stimulation (TDCS) for dyspnea relief in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 patients in ICU: The tDCS-DYSP-COVID protocol. Frontiers in Medicine 7, (2020). 10.3389/fmed.2020.00372
147. M. Baay et al., SARS-CoV-2: Virology, epidemiology, immunology and vaccine development. Biologicals 66, 35-40 (2020). 10.1016/j.biologicals.2020.06.005
148. P. Bastard et al., Autoantibodies against type I IFNs in patients with life-threatening COVID-19. Science 370, (2020). 10.1126/science.abd4585
149. P. Bertholon et al., Guidelines of the French Society of Otorhinolaryngology (SFORL) for teleconsultation in patients with vertigo during the COVID-19 pandemic. European Annals of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Diseases, (2020). 10.1016/j.anorl.2020.11.011
150. P. Bertholon et al., Conseils de bonnes pratiques de la Société française d'ORL et de chirurgie cervico-faciale (SFORL) pour la téléconsultation du patient vertigineux en pandémie COVID. Annales Francaises d'Oto-Rhino-Laryngologie et de Pathologie Cervico-Faciale, (2020). 10.1016/j.aforl.2020.10.002
151. J. A. Bielicki et al., Monitoring approaches for health-care workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 20, e261-e267 (2020). 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30458-8
152. E. Billon-Denis, J. N. Tournier, COVID-19 and vaccination: A global disruption. Med. Sci. 36, 1034-1037 (2020). 10.1051/medsci/2020203
153. P. Y. Boëlle et al., Excess cases of influenza-like illnesses synchronous with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic, France, March 2020. Eurosurveillance 25, (2020). 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.14.2000326
154. S. R. Bonam, S. V. Kaveri, A. Sakuntabhai, L. Gilardin, J. Bayry, Adjunct Immunotherapies for the Management of Severely Ill COVID-19 Patients. Cell Reports Medicine 1, (2020). 10.1016/j.xcrm.2020.100016
155. P. Bosetti et al., Impact of mass testing during an epidemic rebound of SARS-CoV-2: A modelling study using the example of France. Eurosurveillance 26, (2020). 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.26.1.2001978
156. P. Bost et al., Host-Viral Infection Maps Reveal Signatures of Severe COVID-19 Patients. Cell 181, 1475-1488.e1412 (2020). 10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.006
157. M. Bouhaddou et al., The Global Phosphorylation Landscape of SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Cell 182, 685-712.e619 (2020). 10.1016/j.cell.2020.06.034
158. H. Bouziri et al., Working from home in the time of COVID-19: How to best preserve occupational health? Occup. Environ. Med. 77, 509-510 (2020). 10.1136/oemed-2020-106599
159. C. Bréchot, The pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2: More than a serious health crisis, a change of time and lessons to be learned urgently. Med. Sci. 36, 1107-1108 (2020). 10.1051/medsci/2020245
160. J. Buchrieser et al., Syncytia formation by SARS-CoV-2-infected cells. EMBO Journal 39, (2020). 10.15252/embj.2020106267
161. P. Cappy et al., No evidence of SARS-CoV-2 transfusion transmission despite RNA detection in blood donors showing symptoms after donation. Blood 136, 1888-1891 (2020). 10.1182/BLOOD.2020008230
162. S. Cauchemez, C. T. Kiem, J. Paireau, P. Rolland, A. Fontanet, Lockdown impact on COVID-19 epidemics in regions across metropolitan France. The Lancet 396, 1068-1069 (2020). 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32034-1
163. J. P. Changeux, Z. Amoura, F. A. Rey, M. Miyara, A nicotinic hypothesis for Covid-19 with preventive and therapeutic implications. Comptes Rendus - Biologies 343, 33-39 (2020). 10.5802/crbiol.8
164. S. Clariot, G. Dumain, E. Gauci, O. Langeron, É. Levesque, Minimising COVID-19 exposure during tracheal intubation by using a transparent plastic box: A randomised prospective simulation study. Anaesthesia Critical Care and Pain Medicine 39, 461-463 (2020). 10.1016/j.accpm.2020.06.005
165. F. Cocozza et al., Extracellular vesicles containing ACE2 efficiently prevent infection by SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein-containing virus. Journal of Extracellular Vesicles 10, (2020). 10.1002/jev2.12050
166. B. Coutard et al., The Importance of Biobanking for Response to Pandemics Caused by Emerging Viruses: The European Virus Archive As an Observatory of the Global Response to the Zika Virus and COVID-19 Crisis. Biopreservation and Biobanking 18, 561-569 (2020). 10.1089/bio.2020.0119
167. E. Coz et al. (2020), pp. 1232-1233.
168. K. H. D. Crawford et al., Protocol and reagents for pseudotyping lentiviral particles with SARS-CoV-2 spike protein for neutralization assays. Viruses 12, (2020). 10.3390/v12050513
169. R. P. de Latour et al., Complement C5 inhibition in patients with COVID-19 - A promising target? Haematologica 105, 2847-2850 (2020). 10.3324/haematol.2020.260117
170. F. Denis et al., Epidemiological Observations on the Association between Anosmia and COVID-19 Infection: Analysis of Data from a Self-Assessment Web Application. J. Med. Internet Res. 22, (2020). 10.2196/19855
171. Z. Du et al., Risk for transportation of coronavirus disease from Wuhan to other cities in China. Emerging Infect. Dis. 26, 1049-1052 (2020). 10.3201/eid2605.200146
172. Z. Du et al., Serial interval of COVID-19 among publicly reported confirmed cases. Emerging Infect. Dis. 26, 1341-1343 (2020). 10.3201/EID2606.200357
173. M. Fadel, J. Salomon, A. Descatha, Coronavirus outbreak: the role of companies in preparedness and responses. The Lancet Public Health 5, e193 (2020). 10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30051-7
174. S. Fafi-Kremer et al., Serologic responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection among hospital staff with mild disease in eastern France. EBioMedicine 59, (2020). 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102915
175. A. Fontanet, S. Cauchemez, COVID-19 herd immunity: where are we? Nature Reviews Immunology 20, 583-584 (2020). 10.1038/s41577-020-00451-5
176. S. Galmiche et al., Implementation of a self-triage web application for suspected COVID-19 and its impact on emergency call centers: Observational study. J. Med. Internet Res. 22, (2020). 10.2196/22924
177. F. Gámbaro et al., Introductions and early spread of SARS-CoV-2 in france, 24 january to 23 march 2020. Eurosurveillance 25, (2020). 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.26.2001200
178. J. P. Gangneux, M. E. Bougnoux, E. Dannaoui, M. Cornet, J. R. Zahar, Invasive fungal diseases during COVID-19: We should be prepared. Journal de Mycologie Medicale 30, (2020). 10.1016/j.mycmed.2020.100971
179. M. Garfinkel, P. J. Sansonetti, B. Pulverer, Survival of the Wealthiest? EMBO Journal 39, (2020). 10.15252/embj.2020107227
180. M. Garigliany et al., SARS-CoV-2 natural transmission from human to Cat, Belgium, March 2020. Emerging Infect. Dis. 26, (2020). 10.3201/EID2612.202223
181. D. E. Gordon et al., Comparative host-coronavirus protein interaction networks reveal pan-viral disease mechanisms. Science 370, (2020). 10.1126/science.abe9403
182. D. E. Gordon et al., A SARS-CoV-2 protein interaction map reveals targets for drug repurposing. Nature 583, 459-468 (2020). 10.1038/s41586-020-2286-9
183. A. Gouel-Cheron, C. Couffignal, Y. Elmaleh, E. Kantor, P. Montravers, Preliminary observations of anaesthesia ventilators use for prolonged mechanical ventilation in intensive care unit patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Anaesthesia Critical Care and Pain Medicine 39, 371-372 (2020). 10.1016/j.accpm.2020.04.009
184. S. Goyard et al., A highly sensitive bioluminescent method for measuring allergen-specific IgE in microliter samples. Allergy Eur. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 75, 2952-2956 (2020). 10.1111/all.14365
185. L. Grzelak et al., A comparison of four serological assays for detecting anti–SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in human serum samples from different populations. Science Translational Medicine 12, (2020). 10.1126/SCITRANSLMED.ABC3103
186. L. Guillier et al., Modeling the inactivation of viruses from the Coronaviridae family in response to temperature and relative humidity in suspensions or on surfaces. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 86, (2020). 10.1128/AEM.01244-20
187. C. Haddar, P. O. Verhoeven, T. Bourlet, B. Pozzetto, S. Pillet, Brief comparative evaluation of six open one-step RT-qPCR mastermixes for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA using a Taqman probe. J. Clin. Virol. 132, (2020).
188. J. Hadjadj et al., Impaired type I interferon activity and inflammatory responses in severe COVID-19 patients. Science 369, 718-724 (2020). 10.1126/science.abc6027
189. E. Hager et al., Knowledge, attitude, and perceptions towards the 2019 Coronavirus Pandemic: A bi-national survey in Africa. PLoS ONE 15, (2020). 10.1371/journal.pone.0236918
190. V. Hourdel et al., Rapid Genomic Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 by Direct Amplicon-Based Sequencing Through Comparison of MinION and Illumina iSeq100TM System. Frontiers in Microbiology 11, (2020). 10.3389/fmicb.2020.571328
191. A. T. Huang et al., A systematic review of antibody mediated immunity to coronaviruses: kinetics, correlates of protection, and association with severity. Nat. Commun. 11, (2020). 10.1038/s41467-020-18450-4
192. S. Huang et al., Rapid detection of COVID-19 by serological methods and the evaluation of diagnostic efficacy of IgM and IgG. Clinical Laboratory 66, 2327-2333 (2020). 10.7754/Clin.Lab.2020.200617
193. F. Iseni, J. N. Tournier, A race against the clock: Creation of SARS-CoV-2 in the laboratory, a month after its emergence! Med. Sci. 36, 797-801 (2020). 10.1051/medsci/2020124
194. M. D. Johansen et al., Animal and translational models of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19. Mucosal Immunology 13, 877-891 (2020). 10.1038/s41385-020-00340-z
195. D. K. Kim et al., A comprehensive, flexible collection of SARS-CoV-2 coding regions. G3 Genes Genome Genet. 10, 3399-3402 (2020). 10.1534/g3.120.401554
196. M. U. G. Kraemer et al., The effect of human mobility and control measures on the COVID-19 epidemic in China. Science 368, 493-497 (2020). 10.1126/science.abb4218
197. T. Labadie, C. Batéjat, I. Leclercq, J. C. Manuguerra, Historical Discoveries on Viruses in the Environment and Their Impact on Public Health. Intervirology 63, 17-32 (2020). 10.1159/000511575
198. M. Lecuit, Chloroquine and COVID-19, where do we stand? Medecine et Maladies Infectieuses 50, 229-230 (2020). 10.1016/j.medmal.2020.03.004
199. M. Lemoine et al., Effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on viral hepatitis services in sub-Saharan Africa. The Lancet Gastroenterology and Hepatology 5, 966-967 (2020). 10.1016/S2468-1253(20)30305-8
200. F. X. Lescure et al., Clinical and virological data of the first cases of COVID-19 in Europe: a case series. The Lancet Infectious Diseases 20, 697-706 (2020). 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30200-0
201. J. Y. Maillard et al., Reducing antibiotic prescribing and addressing the global problem of antibiotic resistance by targeted hygiene in the home and everyday life settings: A position paper. Am. J. Infect. Control 48, 1090-1099 (2020). 10.1016/j.ajic.2020.04.011
202. P. Maisonnasse et al., Hydroxychloroquine use against SARS-CoV-2 infection in non-human primates. Nature 585, 584-587 (2020). 10.1038/s41586-020-2558-4
203. M. Masson, R. Gaillard, French psychiatry and the novelty of the COVID-19 crisis. Encephale 46, S1-S2 (2020). 10.1016/j.encep.2020.06.001
204. C. Mavian et al., Sampling bias and incorrect rooting make phylogenetic network tracing of SARS-COV-2 infections unreliable. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 117, 12522-12523 (2020). 10.1073/pnas.2007295117
205. R. Mazhari et al., A comparison of non-magnetic and magnetic beads for measuring IgG antibodies against Plasmodium vivax antigens in a multiplexed bead-based assay using Luminex technology (Bio-Plex 200 or MAGPIX). PLoS ONE 15, (2020). 10.1371/journal.pone.0238010
206. C. J. Michel, C. Mayer, O. Poch, J. D. Thompson, Characterization of accessory genes in coronavirus genomes. Virology Journal 17, (2020). 10.1186/s12985-020-01402-1
207. R. Mögling et al., Delayed laboratory response to COVID-19 caused by molecular diagnostic contamination. Emerging Infect. Dis. 26, 1944-1946 (2020). 10.3201/eid2608.201843
208. P. Montravers, E. Kantor, A. Gouel-Cheron, Anti-infective therapy against SARS-CoV-2: some light at the end of the tunnel? Anaesthesia Critical Care and Pain Medicine 39, 695-697 (2020). 10.1016/j.accpm.2020.10.004
209. M. Ostaszewski et al., COVID-19 Disease Map, building a computational repository of SARS-CoV-2 virus-host interaction mechanisms. Scientific Data 7, (2020). 10.1038/s41597-020-0477-8
210. M. Ostaszewski et al., Author Correction: COVID-19 Disease Map, building a computational repository of SARS-CoV-2 virus-host interaction mechanisms (Scientific Data, (2020), 7, 1, (136), 10.1038/s41597-020-0477-8). Scientific Data 7, (2020). 10.1038/s41597-020-00589-w
211. N. Ouldali et al., Response to: 'Correspondence on 'Paediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 mimicking Kawasaki disease (Kawa-COVID-19): A multicentre cohort' by Pouletty et al' by Pino et al. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases, (2020). 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-218614
212. N. Ouldali et al., Emergence of Kawasaki disease related to SARS-CoV-2 infection in an epicentre of the French COVID-19 epidemic: a time-series analysis. Lancet Child Adolesc. Health 4, 662-668 (2020). 10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30175-9
213. S. Pellegrini, G. Uzé, An Old Cytokine against a New Virus. J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 40, 425-428 (2020). 10.1089/jir.2020.0130
214. L. Piccoli et al., Mapping Neutralizing and Immunodominant Sites on the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Receptor-Binding Domain by Structure-Guided High-Resolution Serology. Cell 183, 1024-1042.e1021 (2020). 10.1016/j.cell.2020.09.037
215. D. Pinto et al., Cross-neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 by a human monoclonal SARS-CoV antibody. Nature 583, 290-295 (2020). 10.1038/s41586-020-2349-y
216. M. Plaze et al., Repurposing chlorpromazine to treat COVID-19: The reCoVery study. Encephale 46, 169-172 (2020). 10.1016/j.encep.2020.05.006
217. M. Plaze et al., Repurposing of chlorpromazine in COVID-19 treatment: the reCoVery study. Encephale 46, S35-S39 (2020). 10.1016/j.encep.2020.04.010
218. M. Pouletty et al., Paediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 mimicking Kawasaki disease (Kawa-COVID-19): A multicentre cohort. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, 999-1006 (2020). 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217960
219. M. S. Ribero, N. Jouvenet, M. Dreux, S. Nisole, Interplay between SARS-CoV-2 and the type I interferon response. PLoS Pathogens 16, (2020). 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008737
220. C. Sailleau et al., First detection and genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 in an infected cat in France. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 67, 2324-2328 (2020). 10.1111/tbed.13659
221. H. Salje et al., Estimating the burden of SARS-CoV-2 in France. Science 369, 208-211 (2020). 10.1126/science.abc3517
222. P. J. Sansonetti, COVID-19, chronicle of an expected pandemic. EMBO Mol. Med. 12, (2020). 10.15252/emmm.202012463
223. M. Sarkar, S. Saha, Structural insight into the role of novel SARSCoV-2 E protein: A potential target for vaccine development and other therapeutic strategies. PLoS ONE 15, (2020). 10.1371/journal.pone.0237300
224. M. Schoof et al., An ultrapotent synthetic nanobody neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 by stabilizing inactive Spike. Science 370, 1473-1479 (2020). 10.1126/science.abe3255
225. A. Silvin et al., Elevated Calprotectin and Abnormal Myeloid Cell Subsets Discriminate Severe from Mild COVID-19. Cell 182, 1401-1418.e1418 (2020). 10.1016/j.cell.2020.08.002
226. D. M. Smadja et al., Angiopoietin-2 as a marker of endothelial activation is a good predictor factor for intensive care unit admission of COVID-19 patients. Angiogenesis 23, 611-620 (2020). 10.1007/s10456-020-09730-0
227. D. R. M. Smith et al., Optimizing COVID-19 surveillance in long-term care facilities: a modelling study. BMC Medicine 18, (2020). 10.1186/s12916-020-01866-6
228. G. Spiteri et al., First cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the WHO European Region, 24 January to 21 February 2020. Eurosurveillance 25, (2020). 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.9.2000178
229. S. B. Stoecklin et al., First cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in France: Surveillance, investigations and control measures, January 2020. Eurosurveillance 25, (2020). 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.6.2000094
230. L. Tanaka et al., A hybrid approach to tracheostomy in COVID-19 patients ensuring staff safety. Br. J. Surg. 107, e253-e254 (2020). 10.1002/bjs.11705
231. S. Temmam et al., Absence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in cats and dogs in close contact with a cluster of COVID-19 patients in a veterinary campus. One Health 10, (2020). 10.1016/j.onehlt.2020.100164
232. S. Tortonese et al., COVID-19 in Patients on Maintenance Dialysis in the Paris Region. Kidney International Reports 5, 1535-1544 (2020). 10.1016/j.ekir.2020.07.016
233. M. A. Tortorici et al., Ultrapotent human antibodies protect against SARS-CoV-2 challenge via multiple mechanisms. Science 370, 950-957 (2020). 10.1126/science.abe3354
234. J. Toubiana et al., Association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and Kawasaki-like multisystem inflammatory syndrome: A retrospective matched case–control study, Paris, France, April to May 2020. Eurosurveillance 25, (2020). 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2020.25.48.2001813
235. J. Toubiana et al., Kawasaki-like multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children during the covid-19 pandemic in Paris, France: prospective observational study. BMJ (Clinical research ed.) 369, m2094 (2020). 10.1136/bmj.m2094
236. J. N. Tournier, Pandemic legion history more complex than previously thought. mBio 11, 1-2 (2020). 10.1128/mBio.02377-20
237. S. van der Werf, C. Peltekian, Facing challenges with the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 outbreak. Virologie (Montrouge, France) 24, e12-e15 (2020). 10.1684/vir.2020.0826
238. W. O. Vasquez-Bonilla et al., A review of the main histopathological findings in coronavirus disease 2019. Hum. Pathol. 105, 74-83 (2020). 10.1016/j.humpath.2020.07.023
239. P. E. Verweij et al., Review of influenza-associated pulmonary aspergillosis in ICU patients and proposal for a case definition: an expert opinion. Intensive Care Med. 46, 1524-1535 (2020). 10.1007/s00134-020-06091-6
240. M. von Lilienfeld-Toal et al., Frequently asked questions regarding SARS-CoV-2 in cancer patients—recommendations for clinicians caring for patients with malignant diseases. Leukemia 34, 1487-1494 (2020). 10.1038/s41375-020-0832-y
241. K. J. Wabnitz et al., Planetary health: young academics ask universities to act. The Lancet Planetary Health 4, e257-e258 (2020). 10.1016/S2542-5196(20)30142-X
242. A. C. Walls et al., Structure, Function, and Antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein. Cell 181, 281-292.e286 (2020). 10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.058
243. B. Xu et al., Epidemiological data from the COVID-19 outbreak, real-time case information. Scientific Data 7, (2020). 10.1038/s41597-020-0448-0
244. X. K. Xu et al., Reconstruction of Transmission Pairs for Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Mainland China: Estimation of Superspreading Events, Serial Interval, and Hazard of Infection. Clin. Infect. Dis. 71, 3163-3167 (2020). 10.1093/cid/ciaa790
245. Q. Zhang et al., Inborn errors of type I IFN immunity in patients with life-threatening COVID-19. Science 370, (2020). 10.1126/science.abd4570
246. C. C. Zouboulis et al., What causes hidradenitis suppurativa ?—15 years after. Experimental Dermatology 29, 1154-1170 (2020). 10.1111/exd.14214