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Institution
The Institut Pasteur is involved with the study
of infectious, parasitic and immune-system diseases. It brings together
three fields of activity, namely research, education and public
health – at its Parisian campus with almost 2500 individuals.
Institut Pasteur has a long-lasting experience in monitoring data
about infectious diseases and in providing advice on health policies
pertaining to these diseases through the 22 French National Reference
Centres and 9 WHO Collaborating Centres located on its premises
and embedded within the Research Units (e.g., influenza, tuberculosis,
salmonellosis, listeriosis, West Nile virus infections, etc…).
At the European level, the Institut Pasteur contributes to several
networks on infectious diseases (e.g., influenza, tuberculosis,
salmonellosis and other bacterial enteritic infections, etc…),
and harbours the coordination of EuroGROG a scheme focused on influenza,
which has been funded by the EU since 2000.
In addition, the International Network of Pasteur Institutes constitutes
an original and autonomous body providing services in terms of monitoring
infectious diseases throughout the world in collaboration with WHO.
Participants
The Emerging Diseases Epidemiology Unit
has been created in 2001 and has collaborative projects with developing
countries. One project on hepatitis C virus (HCV) in Egypt is supported
by the EC, others projects on AIDS are developed through the International
Network of the Pasteur Institutes in Asia and in Africa. The group
is composed by 4 senior researchers, one post-doctoral staff, two
PhD students, a public health resident and a data manager.
Dr Arnaud Fontanet leads this group. He was trained as a medical
doctor in France, and got his PhD in the epidemiology of infectious
diseases at the Harvard School of Public Health. He has since worked
in the field of infectious and tropical diseases in Asia and Africa,
and has followed several cohort studies on HIV and HCV. From 1994
to 1999, he has been the expatriate Project Manager of the Ethio-Netherlands
AIDS Research Project, a multidisciplinary research project on AIDS
in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, with more than 30 scientific publications
in international peer-reviewed journals. Since 2000, he is the P.I.
and scientific coordinator of three international and multidisciplinary
research projects on HCV in Egypt.
Dr Laurence Baril is a specialist in infectious diseases that has
also been trained in clinical epidemiology. She worked in Paris
at the HIV Research Unit (Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière,
University of Paris 6) where LI Taisheng (WP 9) did his Ph.D in
clinical immunology. Before going back to an academic setting in
March 2003, she worked in R&D for vaccine development at Aventis-Pasteur
during 4 years. Both Arnaud Fontanet (in May and July 2003) and
Laurence Baril (in May 2003) travelled to China on expert missions
to initiate this collaborative research project on SARS.
The Cellule d'Intervention Biologique d'Urgence (Laboratory
for Emergency Response to Biological Threat), created in 2001, harbours
the Centre d'Identification Moléculaire des Virus (Centre
for Molecular Identification of Viruses) and is led by Jean-Claude
Manuguerra. He was originally trained as a veterinary and got his
PhD in virology before becoming a specialist in influenza viruses.
As such, he is the leader of the PanEuropean system for the surveillance
of influenza in humans, named EuroGROG, and a member of the steering
committee of the EU funded European Influenza Surveillance Scheme.
He is co-director of the National Influenza Centre for Northern
France and of the WHO collaborative Centre for Research and Reference
on Influenza Viruses and Other Respiratory Viruses, one of the 13
laboratories included in the WHO Collaborative Multi-Centre Laboratory
Network on SARS. He shares the directorships of these centres with
Pr Sylvie van der Werf, who leads the Unit of Molecular Genetics
of Respiratory Viruses, harbouring these centres. Jean-Claude Manuguerra
belongs to the French team sent to Hanoi for the control of the
SARS outbreak at the Franco-Vietnamese Hospital in March 2003. He
also went on mission to China on two occasions (May and July 2003)
to initiate this collaborative project.
Participation of women: Laurence Baril,
one of the senior researchers.
Roles in the project
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Administrative and scientific project coordination
by Dr Arnaud Fontanet (leader of the WP 12 to 14).
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Expertise in clinical epidemiology (methodology,
statistical analysis) and collaborative applied research on
infectious diseases by Arnaud Fontanet and Laurence Baril (participants
to the WP 6, 7, 9)
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Expertise in basic and applied research on
respiratory viruses by Jean-Claude Manuguerra (leader of the
WP 3 and participant to the WP 7 and 13).
Publications
5 recent publications:
1. Kuiken T, Fouchier RA, Schutten M, Rimmelzwaan GF, van Amerongen
G, van Riel D, Laman JD, de Jong
T, van Doornum G, Lim W, Ling AE, Chan PK, Tam JS, Zambon MC, Gopal
R, Drosten C, van der Werf S,
Escriou N, Manuguerra JC, Stohr K, Peiris JS, Osterhaus AD. Newly
discovered coronavirus as the primary cause of severe acute respiratory
syndrome. Lancet 2003;362:263-70
2. Drosten C, Gunther S, Preiser W, van der Werf
S, Brodt HR, Becker S, Rabenau H, Panning M, Kolesnikova
L, Fouchier RA, Berger A, Burguiere AM, Cinatl J, Eickmann M, Escriou
N, Grywna K, Kramme S,
Manuguerra JC, Muller S, Rickerts V, Sturmer M, Vieth S, Klenk HD,
Osterhaus AD, Schmitz H, Doerr HW.
Identification of a novel coronavirus in patients with severe acute
respiratory syndrome. New Engl J Med
2003;348:1967-76
3. Manuguerra JC, Mosnier A, Paget WJ; EISS (European
Influenza Surveillance Scheme). Monitoring of influenza in the EISS
European network member countries from October 2000 to April 2001.Euro
Surveill.
2001;6:127-35.
4. Mekonnen Y, Dukers NHTM, Sanders E, Dorigo W,
Wolday D, Schaap A, Geskus RB, Coutinho RA,
Fontanet AL. Simple markers for initiating antiretroviral therapy
among HIV-infected Ethiopians. AIDS,
2003;17:815-9.
5. Mekonnen Y, Sanders E, Aklilu M, Tsegaye A,
Rinke de Wit TF, Schaap A, Wolday D, Geskus R, Coutinho
RA, Fontanet AL. Evidence of changes in sexual behaviours among
male factory workers in Ethiopia. AIDS,
2003;17:1-9.
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