ORIGINE :
Isolé par J McFADYEAN, Londres (GB), à partir d'un prélèvement sanguin effectué sur une jument adulte avant son décès.
Prélevement effectué en 1899.
Lieu de collecte : Afrique du Sud, 25° S, 28° E.
ISOLEMENT :
Inoculation intra cérébrale sur souriceaux nouveau né le 23 juin 1932.
IDENTIFICATION :
Cette souche a été reconnue comme différente de tous les arbovirus auxquels elle a été comparée.
Neuf types immunologiques ont été décrits, ils sont regroupés sous le nom d'"African horse sickness".
Les réactions de neutralisation et d'inhibition d'hémagglutination sont relativement spécifiques, la réaction de fixation du complément donne une réaction de groupe.
MALADIE :
Animale (Cheval): Congestion et oedeme pulmonaire, hydrothorax, hydropéricarde, infiltration oedemateuse des tissus sous cutanés, intermusculaires et péritrachéaux, hémorragies cardiaques, hyperhémie stomacale et intestinale.
Humaine : Inconnue.
HOTES OU VECTEURS :
Mammifères : Ane, Cheval, Mulet.
Insectes : Culicoides sp.
DISTRIBUTION GEOGRAPHIQUE :
Afghanistan, Afrique, Chypre, Indes, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordanie, Pakistan, Syrie, Turquie.
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